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- Identify the elements of the law
- Identify the training requirements
- Define ergonomics and its benefits
- Recognize signs and symptoms of early injury
- Identify work activities that can lead to injury
- List examples of ergonomic principles that reduce risk of injury
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- MRSA Title 26 – Labor and Industry
- Chapter 5 – Health and Safety Regulations
- Sections: 251 and 252 – Video Display Operator
- Effective date: January 1, 1992
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- Bureau – Bureau of Labor Standards
- Employer – Uses 2 or more terminals
- Operator – Four consecutive hours daily
- Terminal – Video display terminal
- (Does not apply to television, oscilloscopes, cash registers, or money
typewriters)
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- Training requirements
- Under 5 employees MAY be only written
- 6 employees or more MUST be oral and written
- Training schedule
- Within the first month of hire
- Annually thereafter
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- Notification of rights by posting the law and poster that explains these
rights and duties in plain language. (available from Bureau of Labor
standards – 624-6400)
- Explanation of the proper use of the terminals
- Protective measures to avoid symptoms
- How to achieve and maintain proper posture
- How to adjust your workstation equipment
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- Ergonomics: It is the science and practice of designing jobs and
workplaces to match the capabilities and limitations of the human body.
- Ergonomics means: fitting the job to the worker.
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- Ergonomics helps to prevent injuries
- Ergonomics has other benefits:
- Improved quality of work
- Improved quality of life
- Reduced fatigue and discomfort
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- Education on injury prevention is an important part of safety and health
- There are thousands of injuries, known as WMSD’s, in Maine each year
- (WMSD: Work-related Musculo-Skeletal Disorders)
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- Also known as:
- Cumulative Trauma Disorders
- Repetitive Strain Injuries
- Overuse Injuries
- Usually develop gradually, but sometimes can appear suddenly
- Can be serious, if not taken care of early
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- Discomfort, pain, dull ache
- Decreased range of motion, tightness
- Numbness, tingling
- Change of color
- Swelling of joint or limb
- Decreased grip strength
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- Nutritional deficiencies
- Poor lighting
- Prolonged standing in one place
- Sitting (poor posture)
- Working with neck flexed
- Repetitive motion
- Forceful exertion
- Awkward posture
- Mechanical pressure
- Cold temperatures
- Stress
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13
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- Age
- General health
- Heredity
- Posture
- Diet
- Activities
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14
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- Duration of exposure (how long) – usually need hours of exposure before
risk factors become a concern.
- Frequency of exposure (how often)
- Intensity of exposure (how much)
- Combinations of factors
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15
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16
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17
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18
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- Foot rests, shifting weight
- Well designed, adjustable, supportive seating
- Work surfaces at appropriate height
- Change positions frequently
- Routine stretch breaks
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19
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- Head centered over shoulders
- 90° angle for arms
- 90° angle for legs
- 90° angle for torso
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20
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- The right size
- Lumbar support
- Proper height
- Armrests (removable)
- Pan
- Good foundation
- Adjustable while sitting or seated
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21
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- Backrest
- Lumbar support
- Seat
- Height
- Foundation
- Armrest
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22
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23
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- Correct casters
- 5 point suspension
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24
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25
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- The monitor should be directly in front of you
- Top of screen should be eye level
- A copy stand should be adjacent to or in front of the monitor
- Adjust brightness and contrast
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26
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- Space saver
- Low glare
- External keyboard
- External mouse
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- Up in place
- Up and back
- Down and forward
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29
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30
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31
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- Spread keyboard work throughout the day
- Use macros for common functions
- Take stretch pauses
- Improve your posture and move around as much as possible
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32
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33
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- Wrist bent upward
- Wrist bent to side
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35
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36
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37
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- Chose right height for the keyboard
- Chair height
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41
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42
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- Bright lighting may “wash out” the image making it hard to see which
will cause eye fatigue.
- Lighting should be indirect or “task lighting” should be used to reduce
wash out or glare.
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- Screen 90o angle to window
- Drapes or blinds
- Avoid bright lights
- Screen hood
- Walls, work surfaces non-reflective
- Keep screen clean
- Adjust color, contrast, and brightness
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- Workspace
- Document holders
- Telephones
- Stretching
- Office Environment
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53
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- Relieves static posture
- Keeps fluids circulating
- Prevents toxins from building up in tissues
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- Air circulation
- Air conditioning
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63
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- Recognize and report symptoms
- Get involved in ergonomics
- Perform an Ergonomic Risk Assessment
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64
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- Identify the Hazards – use the attached checklist.
- Assess the Risk – how often do you do your job, your health, posture,
workstation evaluation (attached).
- Control the risks – Adjust your workstation to fit your ergonomic needs.
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- Report symptoms if:
- Pain is persistent, severe or worsening
- Pain radiates
- Symptoms include numbness or tingling
- Symptoms keep you from sleeping at night
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- Chronic symptoms can lead to disabling injuries, even surgery
- Early treatment is more successful
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- Even when the workstation
design and environmental factors are at their best, a worker can suffer
discomfort and injuries from factors related to the work process.
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- Ergonomics can help you on your job and at home
- WMSD’s can happen in jobs with risk factors
- Risk factors can be reduced and WMSD’s prevented
- Reporting symptoms early is important
- You can help by following good ergonomic practices
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- Your supervisor
- MDOL/Bureau of Labor Standards
- Telephone No. 623-7900
- Fax No. 624-6449
- www.safetyworksmaine.org
- Keys to Your Good Work -Publication
- OSHA –www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/computerworkstations
- OSHA – www.OSHA.gov
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